Biochar is the charcoal remains of incomplete combustion of biomass (e.g. woodchips, brush, greenwaste). Biomass is heated to extract biofuel (biodiesel) in a process called torrefaction. Biochar via “slash and smolder” has been implicated in highly productive terra preta soils of South America. When added to the soil, biochar may: sequester carbon; slow nutrient leaching; increase nutrient availability; decrease fertilizer requirements; improve water relations; and stimulate beneficial soil fungi. This research addressed crop and soil response to five levels of biochar application (0, 10, 20, 40, 80 t/ha) and two fertilizer treatments (+/- NPK) on a Noboco loamy sand soil in Duplin County, N.C. Project leaders: Jeffrey G. White, Robert D. Walters (Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences), Michael Boyette (Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering).